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d_ c = d_ c --> dy cdy
conj.
who,which (relative)
| OA, OfA zy; MA dy, d; later d but also dy in various positions; Sam. often אד; in Mand. written with a unique ligature developed from "d" + "y" and in our code transcribed as "ḏ". |
|
1
who, which (indeclinable relative)
Com.
2
the one(s) who (determinative)
Com.
3
that (complement to verbs)
Com.
--(a)
how it is that
Syr.
4
so that
Com.
5
because
Com.
6
in compound conjunctions
Com.
7
before direct speech
Syr, JBA, JBAg.
8
with correlatives
Com.
hwy verb Ghwy
vb.
to be, to become
| In Jewish texts (BA, Qum, and LJLA in particular), the 3ms. sg. is usually להוה to avoid homography w. the Tetragrammaton. The imperf. is often apocopated to y/nhē in most dialects, especially as a jussive, possibly for similar reasons. |
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G
1
to be
Com.
--(a)
(gram.) as a marker of tense
Com.
(a.1)
w. participle to mark progressivity or imperfectivity
Com.
(a.2)
past tense, to mark perfectivity or conditionality
Com.
--(b)
to become
Com.
(b.1)
w. l_ : to change state, to turn into
Com, -OA -OfA.
2
to endure, to exist
Com.
3
to come to pass, to happen
Com.
--(a)
to come into being
Syr.
--(b)
w. suffixed pron. indirect obj. : to happen to
Syr.
4
in idioms:
Com.
--(a)
ܠܘܵܬ ܢܲܦܫܸܗ : to come to one's senses
Syr.
--(b)
ܠܘܵܬ : to stay with someone
Syr.
C
1
to create
Syr.
Gt
1
to become, to be changed
Sam.
Ct
1
to be created
Syr.
tmn a01 = tmn X --> tmh Xtmh, tmn
(tammā, tammān)
adv.
there
| Forms ending in the original final ā persist into Middle Aramaic; starting then (note both forms at Qumran) and thereafter all dialects show the final -ān. |
|
1
there
Com, -OA -Bab.
--(a)
as a chronological indication
Syr.
--(b)
ܬܡܢ ܂܂܂ ܘܬܡܢ : in one case ..., while in the other
Syr.
--(c)
position in a text
Gal.
--(d)
in opposition to "here" : Babylonia vs. Eretz-Israel
Gal.
